As a result of the ‘water crisis’, many countries and regions are actively working to consolidate and strengthen awareness of water conservation and to study municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse. Municipal wastewater reuse is to reuse the water used in the living and production of urban residents after treatment. There are three different levels of reuse:
The first is to treat sewage to a potable level, while the second is to treat sewage to a non-potable level. For the former, it is generally not commonly used in non-exceptional water-scarce areas because of its high investment and complex process. In most countries, sewage is treated to a non-potable level, which leads to the concept of water. Water is also used in the life and production of people in the quality of miscellaneous drainage (excluding faeces and kitchen drainage), miscellaneous drainage (excluding faecal wastewater) and domestic sewage (waste) water through the regeneration of the collection of flow treatment and reuse, as a ground cleaning, watering flowers, car washing, air-conditioning, cooling, flushing commode, firefighting, and other miscellaneous water does not come into direct contact with the human body.
The third is the reuse of industrial water, industrial water reuse technology can be used to reach the external discharge standards of industrial wastewater reprocessing, generally coupled with softeners, RO, EDI/mixed-bed and other equipment to achieve softened water, purified water, ultra-pure water level, you can carry out industrial recycling and reuse to achieve the purpose of saving capital and protecting the environment. Industrial wastewater treatment to reach the standard of water reuse, can be used as ordinary industrial water, if the secondary treatment of water, to reach the standard of softened water can also continue to use. With the reduction of water resources, industrial water consumption increases, and the cost of water for the whole industrial system is also increasing. If the treated wastewater is discharged directly, it will be a waste of water. Water reuse is a better solution to the problem of enterprise water use.
Process Selection:
Water reuse treatment generally includes three stages: pre-treatment, main treatment and deep treatment. The pre-treatment stage mainly consists of two treatment units: grating and adjusting tank, which mainly remove solid impurities in the sewage and even the water quality; the main treatment stage is the key of water reuse treatment, which mainly removes the dissolved organic matter of the sewage; and the depth treatment stage mainly focuses on disinfection to ensure that the effluent meets the standard of water reuse.
The main treatment technology of water reuse mainly includes biological method, physical and chemical method and membrane separation method. Among them, the biological treatment method is the use of microorganisms in the water adsorption, oxidation and decomposition of organic matter in sewage, including aerobic and anaerobic microbial treatment, generally using a combination of various processes; physical-chemical treatment method to coagulation and precipitation (air flotation) technology and activated carbon adsorption combined with the basic way to improve the quality of the effluent water, but the operating costs are higher; membrane treatment technology is generally used in the ultrafiltration (microfiltration) or reverse osmosis membrane treatment, the advantages of SS removal rate is very high. Its advantages are high SS removal rate, small footprint and other advantages.
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